Ozone occurs both in the Earth's upper atmosphere and at ground level. Ozone is a gas composed of three atoms of oxygen. Ground-level ozone, the topic of this website, is “bad” because it can trigger a variety of health problems, particularly for children, the elderly, and people of all ages who have lung diseases such as asthma. Stratospheric ozone is “good” because it protects living things from ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Therefore, you have to think about the time the action happens before applying either had done or have done.Ozone can be “good” or “bad” for health and the environment depending on where it’s found in the atmosphere. Had done can be used with any pronoun without a problem.For the third person singular pronouns such as he and she, you have to use has done. Have done can be used only with first person and second person pronouns as well as third person plural form.Had done is used to speak about an action that was completed a long time ago in the past.If we know the time, the tense changes to simple past. This can be recent past where we do not know the exact time when the action took place.
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His most notable appearance in the comics is the Superman & Bugs Bunny four-issue mini-series, where it is revealed he had to leave Wackyland when they built condominiums there (because folks who live there have too many other problems to be annoyed by him). His appearances there depict him in greyscale as opposed to the colored backgrounds and characters in the comic. In spite of being a very minor character in the original run of Looney Tunes, the Dodo had his own younger-age counterpart on Tiny Toon Adventures - Gogo Dodo, who, according to Paul Dini, is also his son, making him the only Tiny Toons character to actually be of relation to their Looney Tunes counterpart.Īfter Tiny Toons ended, the Dodo himself would go on to make several guest appearances in the DC Comics Looney Tunes comic book. (Unlike in the original, Porky does not find out about the other Dodos inhabiting Wackyland.) The colored Dodo also makes a very brief cameo in Who Framed Roger Rabbit. Although the plot is basically as before there, Porky uses a different method of capturing the Dodo: he disguises himself as a dodo bird himself, prompting the real Dodo to handcuff him, allowing him to be close enough to hammer the Dodo. The Dodo wasn't seen again in animation, except for a color remake in 1949, titled " Dough for the Do-do", where he is depicted with green plumage. While the bird is confused by this, Porky hits him with a mallet and captures him, at which point a flock of other dodo birds appear to confirm this one's statement that he is the last of their kind. Porky eventually does capture the Dodo by beating him at his own game, in the form of disguising himself as a bearded paperboy proclaiming that he's already captured the Dodo. As Porky soon discovers, the Dodo is a very formidable adversary who plays several tricks on him by messing around with the scenery. In "Porky in Wackyland", Porky Pig travels to the nonsensical locale of Wackyland in search of this creature, believed to be the last of the seemingly-extinct dodo bird. Yoyo Dodo, formerly known as simply The Dodo Bird, is a wacky bird first seen in the 1938 Looney Tunes short " Porky in Wackyland". Visual effects An adaptive icon supports a variety of engaging visualĮffects, which display when users place or move the icon around the Examples of visual effects displayed by an adaptive icon If the launcher doesn't support themed app icons Figure 2. If your app doesn't provide a monochromatic app icon.If the user hasn't enabled themed app icons.The home screen does NOT display the themed app icon-and instead displays the adaptive or standard app icon-in any of the following scenarios: Launcher supports this feature, the system uses the coloring of the user’sĬhosen wallpaper and theme to determine the tint color.įigure 3: Adaptive icons inheriting from the user's wallpaper and themes Words, turned on the Themed icons toggle in system settings), and the If a user has enabled themed app icons (in other User themingStarting with Android 13 (API level 33), users can theme Must provide a mask, which the system uses to render all adaptive icons with On one OEM device, and display a squircle on another device. For example, it can display a circular shape Adaptive icons are primarily used by the launcher on the homescreen,īut can also be used in shortcuts, the Settings app, sharing dialogs, and theĪn adaptive icon can adapt to different use cases as follows:įigure 1: Adaptive icons support a variety of masks, which vary from one device to anotherĭifferent shapes An adaptive icon can display a variety of shapesĪcross different device models. Can display differently depending on individual device capabilities and user (He never spent time in jail and the conviction was overturned on appeal in May 1962). In 1955, Seeger was convicted of contempt of Congress for refusing to discuss his political affiliations before the House Committee on Un-American Activities. Seeger left the Weavers but his solo career also fell victim to the Red Scare. Radio stations stopped playing their songs and their records stopped selling. They lost their television show contracts and nightclub bookings. For a brief period in the early 1950s, as a member of the Weavers quartet, he performed in prestigious nightclubs, appeared on network television shows, and recorded several hit songs, including “Goodnight, Irene,” “Tzena Tzena,” “Wimoweh,” and “So Long It's Been Good to Know You.” But as engaged radicals, they were an easy target for the Red Scare's blacklist. Seeger had been blacklisted from network television since the 1950s because of his leftist politics. But when Tom and Dick Smothers invited him on their show, many people still viewed him as a dangerous radical, marginalized by the nation's political, business, and media establishment. Seeger, who died in 2014, is now viewed as a legendary figure in American history. The story of that appearance, and that song, illustrates the tumultuous political tensions of the era and was a bold act of defiance against corporate media power. Fifty years ago this week, folk singer Pete Seeger performed the controversial anti-war song “Waist Deep in the Big Muddy” on the Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour show on CBS television. We see this shown in studies that find a strong correlation between muscle strength and muscle size (2). We know that mechanical tension is the # 1 stimulus for growth (51), and a stronger muscle will able to produce more force and experience more tension which will lead to greater growth in the long term. In addition, studies have shown that varying exercises is more effective for strength gains than simply performing the same exercise over and over again (27). This is reason alone to add different exercises to your program – maybe you don’t respond well to certain exercises or rep ranges and need to do something different. Studies have shown that subjects undergoing a training program experience different levels of strength and size gains even though they performed the same protocol (1, 52). It’s first worth pointing out that individual adaptations to a training program can greatly differ. Okay, so the gods of strength and conditioning research all agree that variation is important, so let’s go over why this is the case. But that wouldn’t be a wise decision, now would it? If you want to argue with the likes of Bompa, Fleck, and Kraemer, be my guest. Progressive resistance is just increasing weight, but progressive overload is increasing the stress of a given exercise by any means possible (26) – much like the list given above. William Kraemer, also include exercise variation as a key component in their discussion on the methods of progressive overload (26) Fleck and Kraemer also offer a distinguished difference between progressive overload and progressive resistance. So, what would the haters say now? Progressive overload is definitely necessary to make further gains – but! Exercise variation is a form of progressive overload! Strength and conditioning legends, Dr. Yes, changing exercises is a major form of progressive overload! Change Exercises – this is actually Bompa’s second method but I placed it at the end for greater dramatic effect.Change Training Phases – this can be done by changing your entire training program to focus on a new goal.
That means that these firms are responsible for evaluating the safety and labeling of their products before marketing to ensure that they meet all the requirements of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as amended by DSHEA and FDA regulations. Manufacturers and distributors of dietary supplements and dietary ingredients like Rhino male enhancement pills are however prohibited from marketing products that are adulterated or misbranded. Regrettably, this aspect of DSHEA has thus far not been enforced, according to a commentary in the New England Journal of Medicine. For new supplement ingredients, the DSHEA requires manufacturers to give the FDA evidence that a new ingredient should be safe. Under the terms of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA), supplements with established ingredients (meaning those that had been sold in the United States before 1994) can be marketed without any evidence that they are effective or safe. It was previously used as a weight loss medication.įDA laboratory analysis also confirmed that Rhino 69 Premium 8000 contains sildenafil, the active ingredient in the FDA-approved prescription drug Viagra, used to treat erectile dysfunction. N-desmethylsibutramine is an ingredient that’s structurally similar to sibutramine - a controlled substance that was withdrawn from the market in 2010 due to concerns about its safety. In another lab test, the FDA found that the product Rhino 8 Platinum 8000 contained the ingredients sildenafil, N-desmethylsibutramine, phenolphthalein and diclofenac. Men with diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or heart disease often take nitrates. This undeclared ingredient may interact with nitrates found in some prescription drugs such as nitroglycerin and may lower blood pressure to dangerous levels. This product was identified by FDA during an examination of international mail shipments.įDA laboratory analysis confirmed that RhCapsules contain sildenafil, the active ingredient in the FDA-approved prescription drug Viagra, used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), consumers should not purchase or use RhCapsules. No, Rhino pills are unregulated, illegal, and dangerous. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-80. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. This is not a complete list of Rhino pills’ side effects and others may occur.
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Formulated from specially processed wool-wax, highly refined petroleum oils and selected agents, providing a non-toxic, non-irritating, non-flammable coating for corrosion control, penetration, metal wetting and water displacement Protects your vehicle while restoring a rich black color to the chassis or cover existing rust The wet barrier creeps and migrates into tight seams and into the metal chassis to provide corrosion protection from salts and brines. Savaging damaged, heavily corroded and/or frozen parts such as nuts, bolts, shafts, etc. WIDELY USED at home and in government and commercial facilities for maintenance of locks & hinges at home, lawn & garden tools & equipment.The long lasting thixotropic liquids and gels is aptly used in the highly corrosive marine environment, aviation, automotive, equipment/plant and farming industries FLUID FILM BLACK offer powerful corrosion protection for all metals and superior lubrication for moving parts.Fluid Film Undercoating Protection Rust Inhibitor Spray Can Black The real-time nature of qPCR allows for collection of quantitative data as it occurs, and thus combines amplification and detection into a single step. This technology, with its capacity to detect and measure minute amounts of nucleic acids in a wide range of samples and its combination of simplicity, speed, sensitivity, and specificity in a homogeneous assay, has been widely used in life sciences, agriculture, and medicine, as well as in molecular diagnostics including microbial quantification, gene dosage determination, identification of transgenes in genetically modified foods, risk assessment of cancer recurrence, and forensic applications. The advent of fluorescence-based quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) has revolutionized the field of quantifying gene expression. By measuring gene expression, it is possible to assess an individual’s state of health and to monitor how one responds to medication, treatment, and altered living conditions. Gene expression reflects both the genetic predisposition and the physiologic condition of an individual. This work was also supported in part by The University of Chicago Core Facility Subsidy grant from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health through Grant UL1 TR000430.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: The reported work was supported in part by research grants from the National Institutes of Health (AT004418, AR50142, AR054381 to TCH, RCH and HHL), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC Grant # 81371452 81271770 to LJ). Received: Accepted: JPublished: July 14, 2015Ĭopyright: © 2015 Zhang et al. PLoS ONE 10(7):Įditor: Guo-Chang Fan, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, UNITED STATES (2015) TqPCR: A Touchdown qPCR Assay with Significantly Improved Detection Sensitivity and Amplification Efficiency of SYBR Green qPCR. Overall, TqPCR should be advantageous over conventional qPCR in expression quantification, especially when the transcripts of interest are lowly expressed, and/or the availability of total RNA is highly restricted or limited.Ĭitation: Zhang Q, Wang J, Deng F, Yan Z, Xia Y, Wang Z, et al. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that TqPCR may increase detection sensitivity and PCR amplification efficiency. Finally, we demonstrate that the MRQ2 and MRQ3 primer pairs derived from mouse reference gene Tbp can be used to validate the RNA/cDNA integrity of qPCR samples. When the quantification of Wnt3A-induced target gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells is analyzed, we find that, while both conventional qPCR and TqPCR can detect the up-regulation of the relatively abundant target Axin2, only TqPCR can detect the up-regulation of the lowly-expressed targets Oct4 and Gbx2. We further find that TqPCR can improve PCR amplification efficiency and thus increase detection sensitivity. Using the same cDNA templates, we find that TqPCR can reduce the average Cq values for Gapdh, Rps13, and Hprt1 reference genes by 4.45, 5.47, and 4.94 cycles, respectively, when compared with conventional qPCR the overall average Cq value reduction for the three reference genes together is 4.95. Here, we develop a novel and effective touchdown qPCR (TqPCR) protocol by incorporating a 4-cycle touchdown stage prior to the quantification amplification stage. While SYBR Green-based qPCR is the most commonly-used platform due to its inexpensive nature and robust chemistry, quantifying the expression of genes with low abundance or RNA samples extracted from highly restricted or limited sources can be challenging because the detection sensitivity of SYBR Green-based qPCR is limited. The advent of fluorescence-based quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) has revolutionized the quantification of gene expression analysis in many fields, including life sciences, agriculture, forensic science, molecular diagnostics, and medicine. It took until January 14 for Central Park to even reach the freezing mark in 2023. This year began with the city's second mildest start to the year since the 1860s. #NYwx #NJwx #CTwx /CNhTPLKjHBĪside from Buffalo, NY and Caribou, ME, snowfall totals are down across the eastern United States, per NWS. Showers are in the forecast for NYC today, but they'll be rain showers, not snow showers, with temperatures in the low to mid-40s. Central Park, NY and Kennedy, NY have only had trace amounts of snow this winter season so far. So far this winter, we have not seen much snowfall in the local area and this is below normal and quite a bit lower compared to this same time last year. Last year’s snow totals were on pace with normal amounts the normal amount for that period is 6.3 inches. During that same period last year, 6 inches of snow fell at the park. Central Park saw just a trace of snow from Decemthrough January 7, 2023, according to National Weather Service data. New York Metro Weather JanuHow much has it snowed this winter? That is the fourth longest such streak since records began. Today will be the 313th consecutive day without measurable snowfall in NYC. If things continue like this, we may beat the record set during the 1972-73 winter when it took until January 29 for the first measurable snowfall in Central Park, per NBC New York. RECOMMENDED: The best things to do in the winter in NY Today marks the 314th consecutive day without measurable snowfall in NYC. In fact, we're in the midst of the fourth-longest snow-free streak since record-keeping began, according to New York Metro Weather. Or maybe try a winter getaway from NYC because the city is experiencing a long, snow-free stretch. SOFA software libraries and files are collected at the Sofa Conventions website. In the AES69-2015 standard, the Audio Engineering Society (AES) has defined the SOFA file format for storing spatially oriented acoustic data like head-related transfer functions (HRTFs). All these characteristics will influence how (or whether) a listener can accurately tell what direction a sound is coming from. These modifications include the shape of the listener's outer ear, the shape of the listener's head and body, the acoustic characteristics of the space in which the sound is played, and so on. The HRTF can also be described as the modifications to a sound from a direction in free air to the sound as it arrives at the eardrum. HRTFs for left and right ear (expressed above as HRIRs) describe the filtering of a sound source ( x( t)) before it is perceived at the left and right ears as x L( t) and x R( t), respectively. The HRTF is the Fourier transform of HRIR. HRIRs have been used to produce virtual surround sound. Convolution of an arbitrary source sound with the HRIR converts the sound to that which would have been heard by the listener if it had been played at the source location, with the listener's ear at the receiver location. This impulse response is termed the head-related impulse response (HRIR). These modifications encode the source location and may be captured via an impulse response which relates the source location and the ear location. The monaural cues come from the interaction between the sound source and the human anatomy, in which the original source sound is modified before it enters the ear canal for processing by the auditory system. Among the difference cues are time differences of arrival and intensity differences. Humans estimate the location of a source by taking cues derived from one ear ( monaural cues), and by comparing cues received at both ears ( difference cues or binaural cues). This ability to localize sound sources may have developed in humans and ancestors as an evolutionary necessity since the eyes can only see a fraction of the world around a viewer, and vision is hampered in darkness, while the ability to localize a sound source works in all directions, to varying accuracy, This is possible because the brain, inner ear, and the external ears ( pinna) work together to make inferences about location. Humans have just two ears, but can locate sounds in three dimensions – in range (distance), in direction above and below (elevation), in front and to the rear, as well as to either side (azimuth). Some forms of HRTF processing have also been included in computer software to simulate surround sound playback from loudspeakers. Some consumer home entertainment products designed to reproduce surround sound from stereo (two-speaker) headphones use HRTFs. It is a transfer function, describing how a sound from a specific point will arrive at the ear (generally at the outer end of the auditory canal). But the response curve is more complex than a single bump, affects a broad frequency spectrum, and varies significantly from person to person.Ī pair of HRTFs for two ears can be used to synthesize a binaural sound that seems to come from a particular point in space. Generally speaking, the HRTF boosts frequencies from 2–5 kHz with a primary resonance of +17 dB at 2,700 Hz. As sound strikes the listener, the size and shape of the head, ears, ear canal, density of the head, size and shape of nasal and oral cavities, all transform the sound and affect how it is perceived, boosting some frequencies and attenuating others. Response that characterizes how an ear receives a sound from a point in space HRTF filtering effectĪ head-related transfer function ( HRTF), also known as anatomical transfer function ( ATF), or a head shadow, is a response that characterizes how an ear receives a sound from a point in space. |
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